INVOTEK: Jurnal Inovasi Vokasional dan Teknologi

Application of K-Means Data Mining to Measure the Level of Satisfaction of KITA Car Driving Course

2025-08-09T11:22:39+00:00

KITA Driving Course, located in Kisaran, North Sumatra, faces challenges in maintaining service quality amidst increasing student enrollment. Despite operating since 2013, the institution lacks a structured, data-driven evaluation system to assess student satisfaction. This study applies a quantitative descriptive approach using the K-Means clustering algorithm to classify student satisfaction levels. Data were collected from 100 respondents through a questionnaire based on the five SERVQUAL dimensions: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The K-Means algorithm grouped the satisfaction data into three categories: highly satisfied, satisfied, and dissatisfied. The majority of students were classified as satisfied (18 students), followed by highly satisfied (11 students), and dissatisfied (10 students). The findings indicate that the K-Means algorithm provides valuable insights into student satisfaction patterns, enabling targeted service improvements. The analysis also reveals that responsiveness and assurance were key areas of dissatisfaction, suggesting that instructor response time and safety assurance should be prioritized. These insights can help improve service strategies and can be adapted by other educational institutions for quality optimization through data analysis.

Evaluation of the Impact of Governor-less Control on the Transient Response of Hydraulic Load Frequency Control Systems

2025-08-11T15:40:53+00:00

This study evaluates the transient performance of a hydraulic Load Frequency Control (LFC) system configured with a single controller and without a governor. The analysis focuses on rise time, peak time, settling time, and overshoot, using various controllers including PI, PD, PID, PDF, and PIDF. Simulation results indicate that eliminating the governor significantly enhances system responsiveness and reduces overshoot, particularly when using the PDF controller. Quantitative analysis shows that the PDF controller achieves 85% faster rise time (0.101s vs 0.607s for P controller) and maintains system stability with minimal overshoot (1.765% for PID vs 59.263% for P controller). This configuration enables for a more direct and efficient control response to load fluctuations, improving system stability. Thus, employing a single controller without a governor presents a promising alternative for frequency regulation in hydraulic LFC systems under dynamic load conditions. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for optimizing controller selection and configuration in practical implementations, providing guidance for engineers and researchers to enhance grid reliability, operational efficiency, and stability in various real-world hydraulic power system scenarios.

CFD Simulation of Pipe Joints Using SimScale: Analysis of the Effect of Different Inlet Velocities on Water Fluid Flow

2025-08-11T17:19:29+00:00

This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in inlet velocity on fluid flow patterns at tee-junction pipe connections using numerical simulations based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The SimScale platform was used because it supports cloud-based processing and integration with OpenFOAM solvers. The tee connection model is designed in three dimensions, with the main and branch pipe dimensions each having a diameter of 100 mm. The merging process uses the parametric hexagonal method and local refinement in the joint area to accurately capture turbulent phenomena. Simulations were performed under incompressible and isothermal flow conditions with a standard k–ε turbulence model, using water fluid and the SIMPLE algorithm. The inlet velocity consists of 2 variations A (V_I = 1 m/s, V₂ = -1 m/s) and variation B (V₁ = -1.5 m/s, V₂ = -3 m/s). Simulation results show that increasing the inlet velocity results in a more turbulent flow, characterized by an increase in the turbulent kinematic viscosity, specific dissipation rate, and turbulent kinetic energy. Conversely, low velocities indicate higher pressure accumulation due to flow resistance. These findings indicate that inlet velocity variations significantly affect flow characteristics, requiring attention in system design to maintain long-term operational efficiency and reliability.

Performance Analysis of FRP Reinforced Concrete After Corrosion Damage

2025-08-17T17:03:41+00:00

Corrosion in bridge girder beams frequently leads to significant structural damage, such as concrete spalling and reduced reinforcement, which directly impacts the bending capacity. This study experimentally assessed the efficacy of a combined repair strategy of grouting and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) reinforcement on simulated damaged reinforced concrete beams. Twelve beams were tested with various repair configurations, including a standalone grouting repair and a combination of grouting with GFRP in strip and U-wrap configurations. The primary objective was to comprehensively evaluate the enhanced flexural capacity and failure modes of these repaired beams. The results indicated that GFRP reinforcement, particularly the U-wrap configuration, significantly improved the beams' flexural capacity. Beams with the GFRP U-wrap configuration achieved an average maximum load of 32.50 kN, surpassing the control beam's 29.74 kN by 9.27%. Conversely, a standalone grouting repair drastically decreased the load capacity to 14.49 kN, highlighting its inefficiency in strength restoration. Debonding failure at the grout-concrete interface was identified as the primary cause of this reduction. The U-wrap configuration outperformed the strip configuration, likely due to its enhanced shear resistance and confinement. The GFRP strain analysis showed linear behavior at low loads but significant deviations at higher loads, which indicates debonding. All beams exhibited a dominant flexural cracking failure mode, with the addition of GFRP reducing the number of cracks. In conclusion, the combined grouting and GFRP reinforcement, especially the U-wrap configuration, proved to be an effective strategy for repairing damaged RC beams. However, achieving strong adhesion between the repair materials and the concrete is crucial to prevent debonding and optimize structural performance. Further research on enhancing adhesion and optimizing GFRP configurations is recommended.

Application of Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums (RAPS) Method in Validation of Traffic Management Risk Analysis Data in Large Cities in Indonesia

2025-09-17T09:53:10+00:00

This study examines the application of the Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums (RAPS) method in validating traffic management risk analysis data in the category of large cities in Indonesia. The RAPS method is used to test the consistency and reliability of data that is the basis for traffic management risk analysis, so that it can ensure the validity of the risk assessment results. Data validation is very crucial in traffic management risk analysis to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the analysis results that are the basis for decision making. In order for the implementation of traffic management to be in accordance with the goals and objectives, traffic management analysis is needed to minimize the risk of failure of the implementation. Traffic management risk analysis in this study uses the Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) method. The data used are based on the results of filling out questionnaires from respondents, in the form of an assessment of three components, namely severity, occurrence, and detection for four indicators (road capacity, side obstacles, traffic conflicts, and traffic signs/markings) which have sub-indicators of the existing negative impacts. The data were validated to see the consistency of the data provided by respondents using the RAPS method. The results of the validation test using the RAPS method show that the data from the assessment of three components for four indicators that have sub-indicators of negative impacts are valid. And the test results show that the RAPS method is effective in identifying consistent and inconsistent data, thereby improving the quality of risk analysis data validation. With better validation, traffic management risk analysis can be carried out more precisely and efficiently.

Evaluating Readiness of Vocational Electronics Laboratories for Industry 4.0: Analysis of Facilities, Systems, and Human Resources

2025-10-02T00:44:33+00:00

This study aims to evaluate the readiness of electronics engineering laboratories in Vocational High Schools (SMK) of Sidoarjo Regency in facing the demands of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The evaluation focused on four main aspects: laboratory planning, equipment availability, maintenance and management systems, and the competence of laboratory personnel. This study used a descriptive method with a mixed-method approach, involving six vocational schools and respondents from productive teachers, vice principals in the field of infrastructure, and laboratories. Data was obtained through questionnaires, observations, documentation, and in-depth interviews, then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the average equipment readiness rate was in the "underprepared" category (54.1%), while most schools did not have certified laboratories. Laboratory management is generally still partial and is not systematic, although the usefulness of the laboratory is highly related on by teachers with an average score of 54.4 out of 64. These findings indicated a gap between the availability of facilities, human resource competencies, and the demands of industry-based vocational learning 4.0. The limitations of this study lie in the limited scope of the area and it has not measured the direct impact on student learning outcomes. The practical implications of this study included the importance of strengthening collaboration among schools, industry, and the government in laboratory planning, improving practice facilities, and training and certification of laboratory personnel. Socially, laboratory modernization is an important foundation in producing adaptive and competitive vocational graduates. This study makes an original contribution to mapping the systemic readiness of vocational laboratories in Indonesia.

Evaluation Inclusive Education in Higher Education: Development and Implementation of Assessment Indicators

2025-10-06T04:32:17+00:00

The 1945 Constitution of Indonesia ensures education access for all citizens. Law No. 19 of 2011 ratifies the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), emphasizing inclusive education. Despite efforts by several universities, including Universitas Andalas, challenges remain. A preliminary survey with five students with disabilities at Universitas Andalas identified barriers such as communication difficulties, limited library resources for the visually impaired, and inadequate public facilities. However, no formal research or evaluation indicators have been developed to assess the university's inclusivity. This study aims to develop self-evaluation indicators for improving inclusive education at Universitas Andalas. Using qualitative and quantitative methods, it examines challenges, formulates evaluation indicators, and assesses implementation. The proposed indicators cover seven aspects: institutional policies, admissions, learning, socio-psychological support, physical accessibility, graduate preparedness, and teaching methods. The evaluation results highlight institutional policies, social support, and learning methods as the strongest aspects, whereas physical accessibility scores the lowest. Universitas Andalas attained a self-evaluation score of 483, categorizing it as "Moderately Inclusive." Key recommendations include improving infrastructure such as accessible dining areas, specialized learning tools, laboratories, and libraries. Additional measures include career training programs, inclusive teaching workshops for faculty, periodic policy updates, and enhanced counseling services. These improvements aim to establish Universitas Andalas as a more disability-friendly institution, ensuring equal opportunities for all students.