Article Sidebar

Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 27 Download : 7

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

Corrosion in bridge girder beams frequently leads to significant structural damage, such as concrete spalling and reduced reinforcement, which directly impacts the bending capacity. This study experimentally assessed the efficacy of a combined repair strategy of grouting and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) reinforcement on simulated damaged reinforced concrete beams. Twelve beams were tested with various repair configurations, including a standalone grouting repair and a combination of grouting with GFRP in strip and U-wrap configurations. The primary objective was to comprehensively evaluate the enhanced flexural capacity and failure modes of these repaired beams. The results indicated that GFRP reinforcement, particularly the U-wrap configuration, significantly improved the beams' flexural capacity. Beams with the GFRP U-wrap configuration achieved an average maximum load of 32.50 kN, surpassing the control beam's 29.74 kN by 9.27%. Conversely, a standalone grouting repair drastically decreased the load capacity to 14.49 kN, highlighting its inefficiency in strength restoration. Debonding failure at the grout-concrete interface was identified as the primary cause of this reduction. The U-wrap configuration outperformed the strip configuration, likely due to its enhanced shear resistance and confinement. The GFRP strain analysis showed linear behavior at low loads but significant deviations at higher loads, which indicates debonding. All beams exhibited a dominant flexural cracking failure mode, with the addition of GFRP reducing the number of cracks. In conclusion, the combined grouting and GFRP reinforcement, especially the U-wrap configuration, proved to be an effective strategy for repairing damaged RC beams. However, achieving strong adhesion between the repair materials and the concrete is crucial to prevent debonding and optimize structural performance. Further research on enhancing adhesion and optimizing GFRP configurations is recommended.

Keywords

RC Beams Grouting GFRP Crack Patterns

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c): Achmad Zultan Mansur (2025)
How to Cite
Mansur, A. (2025). Performance Analysis of FRP Reinforced Concrete After Corrosion Damage. INVOTEK: Jurnal Inovasi Vokasional Dan Teknologi, 25(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24036/invotek.v25i1.1262

References

  1. T. Siwowski, M. Rajchel, and L. Wlasak, “Experimental study on static and dynamic performance of a novel GFRP bridge girder,” Compos Struct, vol. 259, p. 113464, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1016/J.COMPSTRUCT.2020.113464.
  2. R. Capozucca, E. Magagnini, and E. Bettucci, “Delamination buckling of GFRP-strips in strengthened RC beams,” Compos Struct, vol. 300, p. 116183, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/J.COMPSTRUCT.2022.116183.
  3. X. Zhang, L. Wang, J. Zhang, and Y. Liu, “Corrosion-induced flexural behavior degradation of locally ungrouted post-tensioned concrete beams,” Constr Build Mater, vol. 134, pp. 7–17, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.12.140.
  4. H. Alsuwaidi et al., “Evaluation and Restoration of Corrosion-Damaged Post-Tensioned Concrete Structures,” Civil Engineering Journal (Iran), vol. 10, no. 12, pp. 3834–3850, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-12-02.
  5. H. Luan, Y. Fan, L. Zhao, X. Ju, and S. P. Shah, “Corrosion characteristics and critical corrosion depth model of reinforcement at concrete cover cracking in an electrochemical accelerated corrosion environment,” Case Studies in Construction Materials, vol. 22, Jul. 2025, doi: 10.1016/jcscm2025e04628.
  6. T. G. Wakjira and U. Ebead, “Strengthening of reinforced concrete beams in shear using different steel reinforced grout techniques,” Structural Concrete, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 1113–1127, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.1002/SUCO.202000354.
  7. R. Capozucca, E. Magagnini, and E. Bettucci, “Delamination buckling of GFRP-strips in strengthened RC beams,” Compos Struct, vol. 300, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.116183.
  8. K. Koushfar et al., “Behavior of grouted splice sleeve connection using FRP sheet,” Eng Struct, vol. 296, p. 116898, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1016/J.ENGSTRUCT.2023.116898.
  9. F. Gong, X. Jiang, Y. Gamil, B. Iftikhar, and B. S. Thomas, “An overview on spalling behavior, mechanism, residual strength and microstructure of fiber reinforced concrete under high temperatures,” Front. Mater., vol. 10, p. 1258195, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.3389/FMATS.2023.1258195/XML.
  10. M. M. Attia, B. A. Abdelsalam, D. E. Tobbala, and B. O. Rageh, “Flexural behavior of strengthened concrete beams with multiple retrofitting systems,” Case Studies in Construction Materials, vol. 18, Jul. 2023, doi: 101016/j.cscm.2023e01862.
  11. R. Afanda and A. Zaki, “Effects of Repair Grouting and Jacketing on Corrosion Concrete Using Ultrasonic Method,” SDHM Structural Durability and Health Monitoring, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 265–284, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.32604/SDHM.2024.053084.
  12. Z. H. Lu, Q. H. Zhou, H. Li, and Y. G. Zhao, “A new empirical model for residual flexural capacity of corroded post-tensioned prestressed concrete beams,” Structures, vol. 34, pp. 4308–4321, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2021.10.005.
  13. J. Taheri-Shakib and A. Al-Mayah, “Dynamics of localized accelerated corrosion in reinforced concrete: Voids, corrosion products, and crack formation,” Ceram Int, vol. 50, no. 22, pp. 48755–48767, Nov. 2024, doi: 10.1016/J.CERAMINT.2024.09.229.
  14. K. Koushfar et al., “Behavior of grouted splice sleeve connection using FRP sheet,” Eng Struct, vol. 296, p. 116898, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1016/J.ENGSTRUCT.2023.116898.
  15. Jagadheeswari, Sivarethinamohan, Muthumari, Ramalakshmi, Ilayaraja, and Z. Rahman, “Strength and ductility behaviour of FRC beams strengthened with externally bonded GFRP laminates,” Mater Today Proc, vol. 37, no. Part 2, pp. 2542–2546, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.1016/J.MATPR.2020.08.491.
  16. M. H. El-Naqeeb, R. Hassanli, Y. Zhuge, X. Ma, M. Bazli, and A. Manalo, “Beam-column connections in GFRP-RC moment resisting frames: A review of seismic behaviour and key parameters,” Structures, vol. 71, p. 108109, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.ISTRUC.2024.108109.
  17. M. A. Hosen et al., “Effect of bonding materials on the flexural improvement in RC beams strengthened with SNSM technique using GFRP bars,” Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 32, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101777.
  18. A. Z. Mansur, R. Djamaluddin, H. Parung, R. Irmawaty, and D. Nawir, “Civil Engineering Journal Effectiveness of Grouting and GFRP Reinforcement for Repairing Spalled Reinforced Concrete Beams,” 2024, doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-07-05.
  19. M. Ghous Sohail, M. Wasee, N. Al Nuaimi, W. Alnahhal, and M. K. Hassan, “Behavior of artificially corroded RC beams strengthened with CFRP and hybrid CFRP-GFRP laminates,” Eng Struct, vol. 272, p. 114827, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1016/J.ENGSTRUCT.2022.114827.
  20. M. A. El‐mandouh, M. S. Omar, M. A. Elnaggar, and A. S. Abd El‐Maula, “Cyclic Behavior of High‐Strength Lightweight Concrete Exterior Beam‐Column Connections Reinforced with GFRP,” Buildings, vol. 12, no. 2, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.3390/BUILDINGS12020179.
  21. W. Lokuge, O. Otoom, R. Borzou, S. Navaratnam, N. Herath, and D. Thambiratnam, “Experimental and numerical analysis on the effectiveness of GFRP wrapping system on timber pile rehabilitation,” Case Studies in Construction Materials, vol. 15, p. e00552, Dec. 2021, doi: 101016/J.CSCM.2021E00552.
  22. A. Abadel, H. Abbas, A. Albidah, T. Almusallam, and Y. Al-Salloum, “Effectiveness of GFRP strengthening of normal and high strength fiber reinforced concrete after exposure to heating and cooling,” Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, vol. 36, p. 101147, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1016/J.JESTCH.2022.101147.
  23. T. Siwowski, H. Zobel, T. Al-Khafaji, and W. Karwowski, “FRP bridges in Poland: State of practice,” Archives of Civil Engineering, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 5–27, 2021, doi: 10.24425/ACE.2021.138040.
  24. M. R. Garcez, L. C. Meneghetti, and R. M. Teixeira, “The effect of FRP prestressing on the fatigue performance of strengthened RC beams,” Structural Concrete, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 6–21, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1002/SUCO.201900079.
  25. R. Capozucca and E. Magagnini, “Experimental response of masonry walls in-plane loading strengthened with GFRP strips,” Compos Struct, vol. 235, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111735.
  26. T. Pan et al., “Damage pattern recognition for corroded beams strengthened by CFRP anchorage system based on acoustic emission techniques,” Constr Build Mater, vol. 406, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.133474.
  27. Y. Kusuma, T. Rashmi, V. N. Anand, and N. C. Balaji, “An experimental study on flexural performance of RC beams strengthened by NSM technique using GFRP strips for a resilient infrastructure system,” Mater Today Proc, vol. 52, pp. 1959–1967, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.1016/J.MATPR.2021.11.600.
  28. Z. Xiong, C. Zhao, Y. Meng, and W. Li, “A damage model based on Tsai–Wu criterion and size effect investigation of pultruded GFRP,” Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 571–585, 2024, doi: 10.1080/15376494.2022.2116754.
  29. R. Xia, C. Jia, and Y. Garbatov, “Deterioration of marine offshore structures and subsea installations subjected to severely corrosive environment: A review,” Materials and Corrosion, 2024, doi: 10.1002/maco202314050;csubtype:string:ahead
  30. N. M. Ayash, A. M. Abd-Elrahman, and A. E. Soliman, “Repairing and strengthening of reinforced concrete cantilever slabs using Glass Fiber–Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) wraps,” Structures, vol. 28, pp. 2488–2506, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2020.10.053.