Development of Walkability Indicators for the Feasibility Parameters of Pedestrian Evacuation Routes in Tsunami-Prone Areas Based on User Needs

Fitra Rifwan; Yosritzal; Purnawan; Yossyafra

Authors

Fitra Rifwan Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Dr. Mohammad Hatta Limau Manis Street, Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia-25163 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4628-2344
Yosritzal Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Dr. Mohammad Hatta Limau Manis Street, Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia-25163 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7130-7611
Purnawan Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Dr. Mohammad Hatta Limau Manis Street, Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia-25163 https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3001-3932
Yossyafra Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Dr. Mohammad Hatta Limau Manis Street, Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia-25163 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3816-3062

Keywords:

Infrastructure, Tsunami Evacuation, Walkability, Pedestrian Path, Sustainable

Abstract

The readiness of pedestrian evacuation infrastructure is a key aspect in tsunami disaster mitigation management, especially for communities living in coastal areas with high levels of vulnerability. The lack of availability and adequacy of pedestrian facilities during tsunami evacuations is often a major obstacle that hinders the evacuation process. This study has found a solution to this problem, which aims to deeply examine the issue of evacuation infrastructure readiness and formulate optimal pedestrian path feasibility parameters for walkability. Based on the theoretical framework of disaster mitigation and transportation infrastructure, this quantitative study applies a survey method to collect data in the field involving 350 respondents residing in various disaster-prone areas. The collected data are then processed comprehensively using statistical analysis, which includes validity tests, reliability tests, and Respondent Achievement Level Analysis (TCR). The results of the analysis reveal that the feasibility of pedestrian paths for evacuation is largely determined by the fulfillment of feasibility parameters for walkability that are specifically tailored to user needs in the intended emergency conditions. As the main output, this study successfully formulated feasibility parameters for walkability parameters for the feasibility of evacuation-based pedestrian paths, namely walking path mode conflict, availability of walking paths, amenities, obstruction, motorist behavior, and security from crime, which can be practically used to assess whether an area is walkable or not. In conclusion, this study provides comprehensive strategic guidance for city planners to design urban areas that are resilient, adaptive, sustainable, and responsive to the threat of tsunami disasters in the future.

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